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Hi friends, in this video let us understand what is carticel therapy and the steps involved in
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carticel therapy. Let's begin with the treatment modalities that targets cancer cells. Still the
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prime treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Back in 2000 we
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have targeted therapy that means drugs that targets and kills cancerous cells like cleavac
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and herceptin. Recently we have immunotherapy that means the patients on cells are induced to fight
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target fight and kill cancerous cells. Carticell therapy is a form of immunotherapy. Now let us
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understand what do you mean by carticell therapy. Car means chimeric antigen receptor, a special
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receptor that is created in laboratory that is designed to bind to certain proteins or receptors
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that is present on cancerous cells. Then the T cell, T cells forms the basis of this therapy
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As we know T cells are the prime immune cells that is responsible for directly interacting with
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cancerous cells and ultimately identifying and destroying these cancerous cells in the body
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Suppose this is a T cell and this is a cancer cell. What T cell does is it has receptors that
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can directly interact with this cancerous cell. On binding, this T cell secrete enzymes and also
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perforins that creates pores on this cancerous cells and enzymes like granicymes ultimately
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digest these cancer cells and also recruit all other immune cells to the site, ultimately causing
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the destruction of the cancer cell. In CAR T cell therapy, this T cell is genetically engineered
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with receptors which are called as chimeric antigen receptors and these receptors could
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specifically identify the proteins or receptors that is present on the cancerous cells so that it can target these cancerous cells It can identify this cancer cell and ultimately kills this target cell So it a kind of targeted therapy Now let us see the steps involved in
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cortisol therapy. First, remove blood from patients to get T cells. So WBC is collected. From that
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there will be T cells. T cells are separated. That is a step one. In step two, make cortisol
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cells in the lab. So we'll be using inactive viral vectors and this viral vectors will transform the
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gene into the T cell. Later this gene will be expressed and the proteins will be formed on the
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surface of CAR T cell. So as you see these are the chimeric antigen receptor proteins that is
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guarded by this CAR gene. So that is expressed on the T cell. Now we have CAR T cell with chimeric
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antigen receptor. Step 3 is further culturing of these cells or CAR T cells to make millions of
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cells. After this scale up process, in step 4, we'll be infusing this genetically engineered
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CAR T cells back into the patient. In step 5, this CAR T cells inside the patient it divides
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and later it binds to cancerous cells with high efficiency and high specificity thereby killing
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the cancerous cells ultimately curing the disease. Cartisol therapy is widely used in the case of
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blood cancers, leukemias and even tried for multiple myelomas. Hope you understand with
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the procedure involved in cartisol therapy leaving you with a video on CRISPR-Casman technology
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that will make this CAR T cell therapy much effective in the coming days because of the
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precision of this gene editing technology. Take care, stay healthy, stay blessed. Thank you so
