Stages of Mitosis Summary Notes

Stages of Mitosis Simple Notes

Definition of Mitosis: 

It is a type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

You can watch our 3 minute video here Stages of mitosis

You can watch our 4 minute video here Stages of meiosis

Stages of Mitosis Simple Summary NotesFunctions of Mitosis

  • Growth
  • Tissue repair or wound healing
  • Asexual reproduction in organisms like budding in hydra and yeast.

Mitosis is divided into 4 stages such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Stage 1: Prophase

  • Chromosomes condense and when stained it is visible with two identical chromatids called sister chromatids that are joined together at the centromere
  • The two centrosomes (replicated in the G2 phase just before prophase) move towards opposite poles.
  • Spindle fibres made up of protein microtubules starts to emerge from the centrosomes (which consist of two centrioles in animal cells)
  • The nuclear membrane breaks down into small vesicles

Stage 2: Metaphase

  • Chromosomes line up at the equator of the spindle (also known as the metaphase plate)
  • Centrosomes reach opposite poles
  • Spindle fibres attaches to the centromeres of the chromosome
  • Each sister chromatid is attached to a spindle fibre originating from opposite poles

Stage 3: Anaphase

  • The sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromere and move toward opposite poles of the cell.
  • Spindle fibres begin to shorten.
  • This separation ensures that each new daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes

Stage 4: Telophase

  • Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles and begin to decondense back into chromatin
  • Nuclear envelopes begin to reform around each set of chromosomes
  • The spindle fibres break down.

During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate daughter cells, each with a complete set of chromosomes and its own nucleus.

Suggested content: Stages of Meiosis Summary notes

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